HF-DSR: dynamic source routing for high frequency radio networks

HF-DSR is an ad hoc routing protocol designed to operate efficiently over high frequency (HF) radio networks. Ad hoc routing protocols allow networks to provide dynamic routing between endpoints. In contrast, static routing schemes require networks to be configured with potential routes in advance. As such, ad hoc routing mechanisms can compensate for unanticipated factors such as radio frequency (RF) interference or node mobility. HF-DSR is largely based on Dynamic Source Routing (DSR), a level 3 ad hoc networking protocol that emits network control information on demand. HF-DSR incorporates portions of DSR which minimize the quantity of control information transmitted. In this manner, as much network bandwidth as possible is conserved for user-initiated data transfers. During this project, an implementation of HF-DSR was developed to operate over the NATO standard STANAG 5066 data transfer protocol. A four node network was assembled using Microsoft Windows PCs, HF modems, HF radios, synchronous RS-232 interfaces, and Harris RF-6750W Wireless Gateways. Two different network topologies were constructed using the four nodes. Finally, HF-DSR route discovery and file transfer were exercised on both network topologies

Stroke recovery and lesion reduction following acute isolated bilateral ischaemic pontine infarction : a case report

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. Acknowledgements The initial scan was offered as part of the standard clinical service provided by NHS Grampian and the follow-up scan was funded by a grant from the NHS Grampian Endowments Trust (grant number 12/35). We thank Dr Olive Robb, Dr Arnab Rana, Professor Alison Murray for reporting the imaging scans, Lisa Marshall for providing information regarding the patient’s on-going community physiotherapy input following discharge from Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Gordon Buchan for his technical support during scanning, the research radiographers (Baljit Jagpal, Beverly Maclennan, Nichola Crouch and Katrina Klaasen), the Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre staff especially Teresa Morris and Dawn Younie for coordinating the scanning appointments, the stroke research nurses (Anu Joyson, Heather Gow and Janice Irvine) and above all the patient for agreeing to take part in this case study.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Optimisation of Fabrication Processes for Stable and Scalable Perovskite Solar Cells

In recent years metal halide perovskites have become a promising photovoltaic (PV) technology, most notable for their high-power conversion efficiencies and potential for cheap, solution-processable, roll-to-roll compatible module production. In this thesis, the materials and fabrication processes that are used to make perovskite photovoltaics are investigated, developing them in such a way to make them cheaper, scalable, and transferable to high throughput manufacturing processes, whilst simultaneously aiming to achieve and maintain efficiency and stability. A family of carbazole-based conjugated polymers is identified as potential set of materials for hole selective charge transporting materials. A chemically doped polymer poly[N-9'-heptadecanyl-2,7-carbazole-alt-5,5-(4',7'-di-2-thienyl-2',1',3'benzothiadiazole)] (PCDTBT) hole transport layer is used with multi cation formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3) and methylammonium lead bromide (MAPbBr3) perovskite (FAPbI3)0.85(MAPbBr3)0.15, to achieve standard architecture devices with up to 15.9 % power conversion efficiency, with clear evidence that the chemical doping increases the conductivity and photostability of the PCDTBT. The stability of perovskite solar cells is a vital issue that must be addressed in further detail if perovskite PV is to become a commercially viable technology. Here, the importance of hydrophobic hole transport layers for perovskite solar cell stability is identified. Facile formation of a moisture free perovskite is achieved by combining the hydrophobic polymer poly(4-butylphenyldiphenylamine) (polyTPD) with a volatile methylamine bubbled acetonitrile methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) perovskite solution. A multi-layer encapsulation system, comprised of a protective polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) interlayer and a UV-curable epoxy, is used to stabilise perovskite solar cells containing these materials, leading to MAPbI3 based inverted architecture devices with lifetimes over 1000 hours. It is also found that solvent-annealed MAPbI3 devices (which generate higher photocurrent) have reduced stability and undergo enhanced burn-in. This result demonstrates that initially enhanced device power conversion efficiency does not necessarily translate to a device having long-term stability. Triple cation CsI0.05((FAPbI3)0.83(MAPbBr3)0.17)0.95 based standard architecture perovskite solar cells are also shown to have impressive stability when encapsulated with a multilayer encapsulation system that comprises of a protective aluminium oxide (Al2O3) interlayer and a UV-curable epoxy. To pursue low-cost, scalable fabrication of perovskite solar cells, inorganic metal oxide charge transport layers have been explored. Here, the materials nickel oxide (NiO) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) have been deposited through reactive electronbeam evaporation. NiO and TiO2 are then utilised to create devices with champion power conversion efficiencies up to 15.8 % and 13.9 % respectively. Both materials are compatible with MAPbI3 and CsI0.05((FAPbI3)0.83(MAPbBr3)0.17)0.95 perovskite active layers. Critically, it is found that such metal oxides can be deposited at high speed (nm/s), and do not require a high-temperature anneal step after deposition, making reactive electron-beam evaporation compatible with roll-to-roll processing on sensitive flexible polymeric substrates. Finally, a new type of back-contact perovskite PV architecture is explored, solar micro-grooves. Here, such embossed polymeric micro-grooves are directionally coated with evaporable p- or n- type electrodes on to opposing groove walls, and then filled with the highly volatile acetonitrile solution processed MAPbI3 perovskite. These flexible, rare-metal-free, back-contact perovskite solar grooves make use of the p-type reactive electron-beam deposited NiO, and are fabricated without thermal annealing. Individual grooves act as photovoltaic devices, which achieve power conversion efficiencies of up to 7.3 %. It is demonstrated that horizontally-spaced series connected grooves act as mini-modules, which were found to build up to 15 V open circuit voltage. Crucially, these back-contact minimodules are fully functional without the use of electrode patterning techniques such as electrodeposition, laser ablation, mechanical etching, or photoresist templating

COVID‐19: The Uninvited Guest in the Intensive Care Unit — Implications for Pharmacotherapy

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/155543/1/phar2394.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/155543/2/phar2394_am.pd

The What

Deer, ghosts, holes, storms, questions, voices make appearances in the poems collected in The What. The poems are driven by voice, in particular, the voice of a speaker trying and often failing to find the exact language for an experience or image. Voice and form work to express the idiomatic character of the participant and observer, the poet. Many of the poems try to explore the liminal space of shadows and edges, and to show what connects but also separates the personal and philosophical, and the terrestrial and celestial worlds. The sometimes irregular, angular and winding syntax attempts to enact the feeling and process by which moments arrive, are stepped inside of, walked around, forgotten, or remembered

The Lord and Giver of Life: The person and work of the Holy Spirit in the trinitarian theology of Colin E Gunton

Colin Gunton was one of the leading figures in a late twentieth century movement which sought to rejuvenate interest in systematic and trinitarian theology. Gunton’s theology was heavily influenced by the trinitarian thought of Karl Barth. As his thought matured, however, he was increasingly drawn to resources found in Irenaeus and the Cappadocian Fathers. Drawing from these patristic sources, Gunton sought to develop a trinitarian theology formulated upon personal and relational categories of thought as a corrective to the over-emphasis upon substantialist conceptuality in the Western tradition. He held that a doctrine of God that desires to remain consistent with the presentation of the divine economy of redemption revealed in the scriptural narratives must be formulated upon a personal and relational conceptuality. To this end, he adopted the Irenaean metaphor of the ‘two hands’ of God to speak about the complementarity of the Son and the Spirit in the economy of redemption. Gunton’s trinitarian pneumatology is distinguished by an emphasis upon the Spirit as person, as transcendent, and as creation’s perfecting agent. His conception of the Spirit as person is developed as an argument for the particularity and relationality of the divine persons within which notions of individualism and depersonalising tendencies are specifically rejected. An emphasis upon the transcendence of the Spirit opened the way for Gunton to speak about the Spirit as mediator between the Father and the humanity of the Son, between the Son and his followers, and between God and the remainder of creation. The personal and transcendent Spirit is the perfecting agent of the whole creation inasmuch as it is drawn, by the Spirit, toward eschatological perfection in Christ. Understood thus, Gunton’s view of the Spirit as person, transcendent and as perfecting agent remains wholly consistent with the creed’s declaration of the Spirit as the Lord and Giver of life. Moreover, his theology of the Spirit is in harmony with the principles of the Reformation tradition insofar as the whole of creation is brought to fulfilment in praise of the Father, through Christ, and by the Spirit

Resting state connectivity and cognitive performance in adults with cerebral autosomal-dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy

Cognitive impairment is an inevitable feature of cerebral autosomal-dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL), affecting executive function, attention and processing speed from an early stage. Impairment is associated with structural markers such as lacunes, but associations with functional connectivity have not yet been reported. Twenty-two adults with genetically-confirmed CADASIL (11 male; aged 49.8 ± 11.2 years) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging at rest. Intrinsic attentional/executive networks were identified using group independent components analysis. A linear regression model tested voxel-wise associations between cognitive measures and component spatial maps, and Pearson correlations were performed with mean intra-component connectivity z-scores. Two frontoparietal components were associated with cognitive performance. Voxel-wise analyses showed an association between one component cluster and processing speed (left middle temporal gyrus; peak −48, −18, −14; ZE = 5.65, pFWEcorr = 0.001). Mean connectivity in both components correlated with processing speed (r = 0.45, p = 0.043; r = 0.56, p = 0.008). Mean connectivity in one component correlated with faster Trailmaking B minus A time (r = −0.77, p < 0.001) and better executive performance (r = 0.56, p = 0.011). This preliminary study provides evidence for associations between cognitive performance and attentional network connectivity in CADASIL. Functional connectivity may be a useful biomarker of cognitive performance in this population

Note of Association of Research Managers and Administrators REF Audit Compliance Meeting

No abstract available